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Physicists Have Come up With a New Theory About Earth and Black Holes Which Will Blow Your Mind

Most physicists think that the fabric of space emerges from something that could either be the remenants of a massive black hole or something that physics has not been able to crack yet.

BY RIMA BISWAS

PUBLISHED JUN 12, 2024

Representative Cover Image Source: Pexels | Alex Antropov

Black holes remain a mystery in the universe even after decades of research by scientists into these remnants of celestial objects that have collapsed, as per IFL. Most people know it as a part of the cosmos with a gravitational pull so strong that even light cannot escape. One chilling study suggests that our planet Earth might be on the edge of a black hole itself. French astrophysicist Jean-Pierre Luminet's 2016 study mentioned that "a black hole prevents any particle or form of radiation from escaping from its cosmic prison." "For an external observer, when a material body crosses an event horizon all knowledge of its material properties is lost. Only the new values of M [mass], J [angular momentum], and Q [electric charge] remain. As a result, a black hole swallows an enormous amount of information," he added.

Image Source: IN SPACE - MAY 12: In this handout photo provided by NASA, The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) Collaboration has created a single image (top frame) of the supermassive black hole at the centre of our galaxy, called Sagittarius A*, or Sgr A* for short, by combining images extracted from the EHT observations. The main image was produced by averaging together thousands of images created using different computational methods all of which accurately fit the EHT data. This averaged image retains features more commonly seen in the varied images, and suppresses features that appear infrequently. The images can also be clustered into four groups based on similar features. An averaged, representative image for each of the four clusters is shown in the bottom row. Three of the clusters show a ring structure but, with differently distributed brightness around the ring. The fourth cluster contains images that also fit the data but do not appear ring-like. The bar graphs show the relative number of images belonging to each cluster. Thousands of images fell into each of the first three clusters, while the fourth and smallest cluster contains only hundreds of images. The heights of the bars indicate the relative — Image Source: IN SPACE - MAY 12: In this handout photo provided by NASA, The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) Collaboration has created a single image (top frame) of the supermassive black hole at the center of our galaxy, called Sagittarius A. (Photo by NASA Via Getty Images)

The last stage of a black upon reaching its equilibrium only depends on parameters like its mass, angular momentum and electric charge. So studying them in terms of thermodynamics has been difficult. "Hawking then pointed to a paradox. If a black hole can evaporate, a portion of the information it contains is lost forever," Luminet continued. "The information contained in thermal radiation emitted by a black hole is degraded; it does not recapitulate information about matter previously swallowed by the black hole."

Image Source: Black Hole, artist's concept. A black hole is a place in space where gravity pulls so much that even light can not get out. The gravity is so strong because matter has been squeezed into a tiny space. This can happen when a star is dying. Because no light can get out, people can't see black holes. They are invisible. Space telescopes with special tools can help find black holes, and see how stars that are very close to black holes act differently from other stars. Artist NASA. (Photo by Heritage Space/Heritage Images/Getty Images) — Image Source: Black Hole, artist's concept. Space telescopes with special tools can help find black holes, and see how stars that are very close to black holes act differently from other stars. (Photo by Heritage Space/Heritage Images/Getty Images)

He mentioned how according to the Schrödinger equation, "physical systems that change over time cannot create or destroy information, a property known as unitarity and hence this is known as the black hole paradox." "From the point of view of information, each bit in the form of a 0 or a 1 corresponds to four Planck areas, which allows one to find the Bekenstein–Hawking formula for entropy," Luminet continues. "For an external observer, information about the entropy of the black hole, once borne by the three-dimensional structure of the objects that have crossed the event horizon, seems lost. But in this view, the information is encoded on the two-dimensional surface of a black hole, like a hologram."

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Other theories suggest that our universe itself could be a black hole and that gravity could arise as an emergent force from entanglement entropy at the boundary of the black hole where Earth is supposedly situated. On the other hand, some cosmologists believe that our universe rests inside another universe's black hole. According to a study published in Popular Mechanics, "it is suggested that the massive instabilities created from the Big Bang might grow, leading to the formation of branched-off 'bubbles' that are completely isolated from the universe hosting the original black hole."

Image Source: 396536 01: This the European Space Agency photgraph released October 25, 2001 shows a supermassive black hole in the core of galaxy named MCG-6-30-15 as seen through the X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission (XMM-Newton) satellite. With this type of imaging, scientists for the first time have seen energy being extracted from a black hole. Like an electric dynamo, this black hole spins and pumps energy out through cable-like magnetic field lines into the chaotic gas whipping around it, making the gas - already infernally hot from the sheer force of crushing gravity - even hotter. (Photo by ESA/Getty Images) — Image Source: 396536 01: This the European Space Agency photgraph released October 25, 2001 shows a supermassive black hole in the core of galaxy named MCG-6-30-15 as seen through the X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission (XMM-Newton) satellite. (Photo by ESA/Getty Images)

"These bubbles would have their own Big Bangs, their own expansions, their own everything totally separate from anything else. They would be their own universes, split off from the parent universe that spawned them." In the past decade, scientists have detected the signals of the collision of black holes and taken images of the light from gas swirling around them, all of which has helped us learn many things about the universe.